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The Swedish intervention 1630-35, when King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden led an invasion of north (and mostly Protestant) Germany.After five or so years of fighting, the war was concluded with the Treaty of Lübeck in 1629. The Danish intervention 1625-30, also referred to as the Low Saxon War or Emperor’s War, when Christian IV of Denmark (who was also Duke of Holstein and Schleswig which lay within the Empire) led an army in support of north German protestant states against Imperial forces.The Bohemian Revolt 1618-20, a rising of the Protestant Bohemian ‘Estates’ against Habsburg rule (‘The revolt was not a popular uprising, but an aristocratic coup led by a minority of desperate militant Protestants’, p.269), which was decisively crushed at the Battle of White Mountain on 8 November 1620.The war is usually divided into four phases: The central strand linking them is that the staunchly Catholic Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II was fighting mainly Protestant opponents, and that he mostly won. It was in fact made up of a series or sequence of wars featuring different antagonists.

The Thirty Years War lasted from 1618 to 1648. This is an enormous book (weighing in at 997 pages, including index and notes) which covers an enormous subject, in enormous depth. Appendix: Origin of the word ‘Protestant’.Video of a lecture by Wilson about the war.Wilson’s interest in the finances of the war.Writing about war requires special skills.Historical events happening alongside the Thirty Years War.Events leading up to the Thirty Years War.The role of religion in the Thirty Years War.Issues facing the Holy Roman Emperor in the early 17th century.The deep historical context of the Thirty Years War.Why was the Thirty Years War important?.Introduction – the four main phases of the war.